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In the visual arts and literature, realism is a mid-19th century movement, which started inside France. A realists sought to render everyday characters, situations, dilemmas, & cases; beat an "accurate" (or naturalistic) manner. Realism began as a reaction to romanticism, in which cases were treated idealistically. Realists tended to discard theatrical drama & classical forms of art to depict commonplace or even 'naturalistic' themes.
From either a 1860s onwards, critics started to speak of Naturalism (literature) rather than Realism.
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